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Ground-Penetrating Radar (GPR) Mapping as a method for planning excavation strategies, Petra, Jordan
AbstractGround-penetrating radar (GPR) is the only near-surface geophysical tool that can make three-dimensional maps and images of the subsurface at archaeological sites. The technique involves transmitting radar waves from a surface antenna, reflecting them off buried discontinuities and measuring the elapsed time before the reflections are received again at the surface. When many linear transects of reflections are collected in a grid, with many reflections recorded every second, a three-dimensional "cube" of reflections derived from buried features and related stratigraphy are visible. At the Petra Garden site in Jordan, GPR maps and images were used as a guide to excavations. A number of buried buildings were discovered, as well as stratigraphic horizons that were later found to contain evidence of ancient gardens. Archaeological information from the test trenches whose locations were chosen using GPR maps was then used to calibrate the GPR reflections, effectively testing the accuracy of the method, which proved to be excellent. The GPR data were not only successful in guiding excavation strategy, but when integrated with information from the excavations, will be used to make detailed maps of many areas of the site that will likely remained buried.How to use this web siteThis article is divided into 9 subsections.
You may use the vertical scroll bar on the left to navigate between
them.
Each subsection contains abbreviated text,
with links to the pertinent figures indicated as thumbnail images, such
as this one: When you click on those thumbnail images, the full scale image will appear in a box, with a caption. You may close this box by clicking on the "close box" button at the bottom of the box to return to the abbreviated text. Within the abbreviated text when you will
find this button, If you desire a full-text version of the complete article as a Word document, you may download it from the button on the left hand scroll bar. You may also download a Word document containing all of the figures with their captions as a separate document Links to each of the individual figures are
also found on the scroll bar on the left. Author's notes: If you would like to try processing some GPR data from Petra you may download processing software, instructions and data from this site. Click here to access that site.
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